Nicholar Carr, optimist (via Wired)
Wired: What happened to privacy worries?
Carr: People say they're nervous about storing personal info online, but they do it all the time, sacrificing privacy to save time and money. Companies are no different. The two most popular Web-based business applications right now are for managing payroll and customer accounts — some of the most sensitive information companies have.
Wired: What's left for PCs?
Carr: They're turning into network terminals.
Wired: Just like Sun Microsystems' old mantra, "The network is the computer"?
Carr: It's no coincidence that Google CEO Eric Schmidt cut his teeth there. Google is fulfilling the destiny that Sun sketched out.
Wired: But a single global system?
Carr: I used to think we'd end up with something dynamic and heterogeneous — many companies loosely joined. But we're already seeing a great deal of consolidation by companies like Google and Microsoft. We'll probably see some kind of oligopoly, with standards that allow the movement of data among the utilities similar to the way current moves through the electric grid.
Wired: What happened to the Web undermining institutions and empowering individuals?
Carr: Computers are technologies of liberation, but they're also technologies of control. It's great that everyone is empowered to write blogs, upload videos to YouTube, and promote themselves on Facebook. But as systems become more centralized — as personal data becomes more exposed and data-mining software grows in sophistication — the interests of control will gain the upper hand. If you're looking to monitor and manipulate people, you couldn't design a better machine.
Wired: So it's Google über alles?
Carr: Yeah. Welcome to Google Earth. A bunch of bright computer scientists and AI experts in Silicon Valley are not only rewiring our computers — they're dictating the future terms of our culture. It's terrifying.
Jan 8th
the people who manage every phone number...
A. When NeuStar first took on the responsibility for managing the telephone number system back in 1997 and 1998, the first thing we did was calculate how many telephone numbers were available against the demand. Our first calculation said that at the then rates of use of telephone numbers, we’d run out of 10-digit telephone numbers by, interestingly, 2008. The solution to this challenge was a trillion-dollar fix. What was initially proposed was extending the telephone number from 10 digits to 13 or 14 digits. If that happened, every device that touched the network including answering machines and fax machines would have to be fundamentally changed. It was going to be the mother of all Y2K problems.
Q. So what happened?
A. NeuStar sent our engineers into a locked conference room, and we didn’t let them out until they came back with a better solution. It was a number pooling system that we proposed to the industry and the Federal Communications Commission. It was mandated by the F.C.C. so that all telephone companies must adhere to it. As a result, the life of the 10-digit telephone number system now extends beyond 2030 or 2035.
Q. What’s the concept of pooling in a nutshell?
A. It used to be when a telephone company needed a number, the smallest block of numbers we could give them was 10,000 numbers, or the equivalent of an entire local exchange. If you were a telephone company and had a single customer in a town, you’d come to me and I’d have to give you an area code, say 422, and all 10,000 numbers that come with that. But we used an advanced technology in the routing database and, for the first time, were able to allocate blocks of 1,000 telephone numbers.
Q. So it was your company that was involved in deciding that some people in Manhattan could not have 212 numbers but instead had to have 646 area codes?
A. I knew that NeuStar was playing an important role in the industry when I saw there was a “Seinfeld” episode on exactly that problem. The fact is, there are only so many telephone numbers associated with any one area code. So with the explosive growth in the number of telephones and network endpoints, there’s been a huge demand, and area codes have been altered. What’s a fascinating twist on this, it used to be that when you dialed a 212 area code number, you knew you were dialing a telephone number on the island of Manhattan. Now with the coming of voice over the Internet, VoIP, you can dial a 212 telephone number and have the number ring a phone in Buenos Aires or Moscow. The significance of telephone numbers has changed. The system is becoming much more complex and increasingly requires the routing capability of the central directory that NeuStar manages on behalf of all networks.
Jan 5th